About the nomination of plants in the Karachay-Balkar and Kumyk languages

The article comprehensively studies the nominative features of Turkic geobotanical names based on the material of the Karachay-Balkar and Kumyk languages, formed according to various word-composition models by the adjoining method and the method of coordinating agreement from equal elements. It examines the metaphorical features of lexicalized phrases that are united only by semantic features and common morphological meanings and differ from each other in structural relationships. An analysis of geobotanical phrases shows that “double” names, which appear in nominative-common and term-forming meanings, lose their individual components in some new formations; when combined, they often “shorten their form” (sometimes the first word loses the affix, sometimes the second). Geobotanical phrases, which in some cases act as indecomposable lexical, grammaticalized and phraseological units, testify to the lexical-semantic and grammatical transformation of free phrase models.

1. ALIEV S.CH. Karachaevskie narodnye skazki [Karachay Folk Tales]. – Cherkessk: Stavropol'skoe knizhnoe izd-vo (Karachaevo-Cherkesskoe otd.), 1984. – 216 p. (In Russ.).

2. KARACHAEVO-BALKARSKO-RUSSKII SLOVAR' okolo 30000 slov [Karachay-Balkar-Russian Dictionary of about 30,000 words] / Karachaevo-Cherkesskii n.-i. in-t ist., filol. i ekonomiki; S.A. Gochlyaeva, Kh.I. Suyunchev; Pod red. E.R. Tenisheva i Kh.I. Suyuncheva. – M.: Rus.yaz., 1989. – 832 p. (In Russ.).

3. KRYMKHANOVA A.B., GADZHIAKHMEDOV N.E. Semanticheskie proizvodnye nazvanii rastenii v kumykskom yazyke [Semantic Derivatives of Plant Names in the Kumyk Language]. In: Sovremennye problemy nauki i obrazovaniya. – 2012. – № 4. – P. 296-300. (In Russ.).

4. KUMYKSKO-RUSSKII SLOVAR' [Kumyk-Russian Dictionary]. Pod redaktsiei B.G. Bammattova. – Makhachkala: IYaLI DNTs RAN, 2013. – 528 p. (In Russ.).

5. OLMESOV N.KH. Sravnitel'no-istoricheskoe issledovanie dialektnoi sistemy kumykskogo yazyka. Fonetika. Morfologiya [Comparative-Historical Study of the Dialect System of the Kumyk Language. Phonetics. Morphology]. – Makhachkala: IPTs DGU, 1997. – 309 p. (In Russ.).

6. SEMENOVA A.B. Fitonimicheskaya leksika karachaevo-balkarskogo yazyka [Phytonymic Lexicon of the Karachay-Balkar Language]. – Pyatigorsk: RIA-KMV, 2020. – 102 p. (In Russ.).

7. TOLKOVYI SLOVAR' KARACHAEVO-BALKARSKOGO YAZYKA. V trekh tomakh. I. A – Zh [Explanatory Dictionary of the Karachay-Balkar Language. In Three Volumes. I. A – Zh]. – Nal'chik: Izdatel'skii tsentr «El'-Fa», 1996. – 1016 p. (In Russ.).

8. TOLKOVYI SLOVAR' KARACHAEVO-BALKARSKOGO YAZYKA. V trekh tomakh. II. Z – R [Explanatory Dictionary of the Karachay-Balkar Language. In Three Volumes. II. Z – R]. – Nal'chik: Izdatel'skii tsentr «El'-Fa», 2002. – 1168 p. (In Russ.).

9. TOLKOVYI SLOVAR' KARACHAEVO-BALKARSKOGO YAZYKA. V trekh tomakh. III. S – Ya [Explanatory Dictionary of the Karachay-Balkar Language. In Three Volumes. III. S – Ya]. – Nal'chik: Izdatel'skii tsentr «El'-Fa», 2005. – 1157 p. (In Russ.).

10. KHAPAEV S.A. Geograficheskie nazvaniya Karachaya i Balkarii: nauchno-populyarnoe izdanie [Geographical Names of Karachay and Balkaria: Popular Science Edition]. – M.: Fond «El'brusoid», 2013. – 574 p. (In Russ.).

11. SHKOL'NYI RUSSKO-KUMYKSKII SLOVAR' [School Russian-Kumyk Dictionary]. – Makhachkala: Lotus, 2008. – 544 p. (In Russ.).

12.