Source study review of documents on the history of agrarian relations in the Northwestern and Cen-tral Caucasus in the 19th – early 20th centuries (based on published materials)

This article is devoted to a source study review of published collections of documents on the history of agrarian relations in the Northwest and Central Caucasus in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Specifically, the authors examined materials edited by A.P. Berger, G.A. Kokiev, E.O. Krikunova, Kh.M. Dumanov, P.A. Kuzminov, E.I. Kobakhidze, Z.Zh. Glasheva, and other researchers. The documents they collected are represented in the collections of central and regional archives of Russia, such as the Russian State Historical Archives, the Russian State Military Historical Archives, the State Archives of the Krasnodar Territory, the Central State Archives of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, and the Central State Archives of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. The main types of documentation on this topic include regulatory legal acts, office documentation, and statistical data.

Most of the documents examine agrarian reforms in the Northwest and Central Caucasus in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries. These include projects, official materials on the work of estate-land committees, court records, and more. The published sources provide a comprehensive understanding of the socioeconomic policies of the Russian Empire in the region, the evolution of land relations, and the specifics of agrarian and peasant reforms in the Central and Northwest Caucasus.

1. Agrarnye otnosheniya u narodov Severnogo Kavkaza v rossiiskoi politike XVIII – nachala ХХ veka. [Agrarian Relations among the Peoples of the North Caucasus in Russian Politics of the 18th – Early 20th Centuries. Archival Materials and Research] / Compiled by P.A. Kuzminov, author of the foreword and article. – Nalchik: El-Fa, State Enterprise of the KBR «Republican Printing Plant named after the 1905 Revolution», 2006. – Vol. 1. – 470 p. (In Russ.).

2. Agrarnye otnosheniya u narodov Severnogo Kavkaza v rossiiskoi politike XVIII – nachala XX veka [Agrarian Relations among the Peoples of the North Caucasus in Russian Politics of the 18th – Early 20th Centuries. Archival Materials and Research] / Compiled by P.A. Kuzminov, author of the foreword and article. – Nalchik: El-Fa, State Enterprise of the KBR «Republican Printing Plant named after the 1905 Revolution», 2008. – Vol. 2. 550 p. (In Russ.).

3. Administrativnaya integratsiya narodov Severo-Zapadnogo i Tsentral'nogo Kavkaza v sostav Rossiiskoi imperii. Sbornik dokumentov i materialov [Administrative Integration of the Peoples of the Northwestern and Central Caucasus into the Russian Empire. Collection of Documents and Ma-terials] / Comp. Z.Zh. Glasheva. – Nalchik: Print Center, 2018. – Vol. 1. 492 p.; 2020. – Vol. 2. 648 p.; 2023. – Vol. 2. 2nd edition, revised and supplemented. Part 1. 816 p.; Part 2. 708 p.; Part 3. 908 p. (In Russ.).

4. Administrativnaya praktika Rossiiskoi imperii na Tsentral'nom Kavkaze s kontsa XVIII v. do 1870 g. (na materiale Osetii): Sbornik dokumentov [Administrative Practice of the Russian Empire in the Central Caucasus from the Late 18th Century to 1870 (Based on Ossetia): Collection of Doc-uments] / Comp., Introduction, Commentary by E.I. Kobakhidze. Vladikavkaz: IPO SOIGSI, 2012. 399 p. (In Russ.).

5. Akty, sobrannye Kavkazskoi arkheograficheskoi komissiei [Acts collected by the Caucasian Archaeographic Commission: in 12 volumes] / Ed. A.P. Berger. Tiflis: Printing House of the Main Administration of the Viceroy of the Caucasus, 1866. – Vol. 1. 816 p. (In Russ.).

6. Akty, sobrannye Kavkazskoi arkheograficheskoi komissiei [Acts collected by the Caucasian Archaeographic Commission: in 12 volumes] / Ed. A.P. Berger. Tiflis: Printing House of the Main Administration of the Viceroy of the Caucasus, 1868. – Vol. 2. 1238 p. (In Russ.).

7. Akty, sobrannye Kavkazskoi arkheograficheskoi komissiei [Acts collected by the Caucasian Archaeographic Commission: in 12 volumes] / Ed. A.P. Berger. Tiflis: Printing House of the Main Administration of the Viceroy of the Caucasus, 1870. – Vol. 4. 1011 p. (In Russ.).

8. Akty, sobrannye Kavkazskoi arkheograficheskoi komissiei [Acts collected by the Caucasian Archaeographic Commission: in 12 volumes] / Ed. A.P. Berger. Tiflis: Printing House of the Main Administration of the Viceroy of the Caucasus, 1873. Volume 5. 1170 p. (In Russ.).

9. Akty, sobrannye Kavkazskoi arkheograficheskoi komissiei [Acts collected by the Caucasian Archaeographic Commission: in 12 volumes] / Ed. A.P. Berger. Tiflis: Printing House of the Main Administration of the Viceroy of the Caucasus, 1875. Volume 6. Part 2. 950 p. (In Russ.).

10. Akty, sobrannye Kavkazskoi arkheograficheskoi komissiei [Acts collected by the Caucasian Archaeographic Commission: in 12 volumes] / Ed. A.P. Berger. Tiflis: Printing House of the Main Administration of the Viceroy of the Caucasus, 1881. Volume 8. 1009 p. (In Russ.).

11. Akty, sobrannye Kavkazskoi arkheograficheskoi komissiei [Acts collected by the Caucasian Archaeographic Commission: in 12 volumes] / Ed. A.P. Berger. Tiflis: Printing House of the Main Administration of the Viceroy of the Caucasus, 1884. Volume 9. 1013 p. (In Russ.).

12. Akty, sobrannye Kavkazskoi arkheograficheskoi komissiei [Acts collected by the Caucasian Archaeographic Commission: in 12 volumes] / Ed. A.P. Berger. Tiflis: Printing House of the Main Administration of the Viceroy of the Caucasus, 1885. Volume 10. 936 p. (In Russ.).

13. Akty, sobrannye Kavkazskoi arkheograficheskoi komissiei [Acts collected by the Caucasian Archaeographic Commission: in 12 volumes] / Ed. A.P. Berger. Tiflis: Printing House of the Main Administration of the Viceroy of the Caucasus, 1904. Volume 12. 1552 p. (In Russ.).

14. GLASHEVA Z.Zh. Materialy Abramovskoi komissii kak istochnik izucheniya zemlevladeniya i zemlepol'zovaniya Balkarii poreformennogo perioda [Materials of the Abramov Commission as a Source for the Study of Land Ownership and Land Use in Balkaria in the Post-Reform Period]. In: Vserossiiskie Millerovskie chteniya. 2011. No. 2. Pp. 82–94. (In Russ.).

15. GLASHEVA Z.Zh. Zemel'nye preobrazovaniya v Balkarskikh obshchestvakh vo vtoroi polovine XIX v. (akty, proekty, postanovleniya) [Land Transformations in Balkar Societies in the Second Half of the 19th Century (Acts, Projects, Resolutions)]. In: Vestnik Instituta gumanitarnykh issledovanii Pravitel'stva Kabardino-Balkarskoi Respubliki i Kabardino-Balkarskogo Nauchnogo tsentra Rossiiskoi akademii nauk. 2016. No. 3 (30). Pp. 34–42. (In Russ.).

16. GLASHEVA Z.Zh. Dokumenty k istorii Vysochaishego pozhalovaniya zemel' po Zolke i Ehtoke (1839 g.) [Documents on the history of the Imperial grant of lands along Zolka and Etok (1839)]. In: Izvestiya Kabardino-Balkarskogo nauchnogo tsentra RAN. 2023. No. 3(113). Pp. 55–67. DOI: 10.35330/1991-6639-2023-3-113-55-67. (In Russ.).

17. GLASHEVA Z.Zh. Dokumenty k istorii Vysochaishego pozhalovaniya zemel' po Zolke i Ehtoke (1840 g.) [Documents on the history of the Imperial grant of lands along Zolka and Etok (1840)]. In: Izvestiya Kabardino-Balkarskogo nauchnogo tsentra RAN. 2024. – Vol. 26. No. 5. Pp. 251–263. DOI: 10.35330/1991-6639-2024-26-5-251-263. (In Russ.).

18. GLASHEVA Z.Zh. Dokumenty k istorii Vysochaishego pozhalovaniya zemel' po Zolke i Ehtoke (1841–1842 gg.) [Documents on the history of the Imperial grant of lands along Zolka and Etok (1841–1842)]. In: Izvestiya Kabardino-Balkarskogo nauchnogo tsentra RAN. 2025. – Vol. 27. No. 6. Pp. 389–405. DOI: 10.35330/1991-6639-2025-27-6-389-405. (In Russ.).

19. Dokumenty po istorii adygov 20-50-kh godov XIX v. (po materialam TSGA KBR) [Documents on the history of the Adyghe people of the 1820s–1850s (based on materials from the Central State Archives of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic)] / Comp. Z.M. Kesheva. – Nalchik: KBIHR Pub-lishing Department, 2011. 201 p. (In Russ.).

20. Dokumenty po istorii Balkarii (40–90 gg. XIX v.) [Documents on the history of Balkaria (40-90 years of the XIX century)] / Comp. E.O. Krikunova. Nal'chik: Kab.-Balk. kn. izd-vo, 1959. 262 p. (In Russ).

21. ZHURTOVA A.A., KUMAKHOVA Z.KH., KONOVALOV A.A. Problemy istorii i istori-ografii narodov Severnogo Kavkaza v issledovaniyakh P.A. Kuz'minova [Problems of the History and Historiography of the Peoples of the North Caucasus in the Research of P.A. Kuzminov]. In: Istoricheskii zhurnal: nauchnye issledovaniya. 2022. No. 6. Pp. 9–23. DOI: 10.7256/2454-0609.2022.6.39032. (In Russ.).

22. Iz dokumental'noi istorii kabardino-russkikh otnoshenii: vtoraya polovina XVIII – pervaya polovina XIX v. [From the Documentary History of Kabardino-Russian Relations: Second Half of the 18th – First Half of the 19th Century] / Compiled by Kh.M. Dumanov. – Nalchik: Elbrus, 2000. 477 p. (In Russ.).

23. Izbrannye dokumenty Kavkazskogo komiteta. Politika Rossii na Severnom Kavkaze v 1860–70-e gody [Selected Documents of the Caucasian Committee. Russia's Policy in the North Caucasus in the 1860s–70s] / Compiled by N.Yu. Silaev. In: Sbornik Russkogo istoricheskogo obshchestva / Ed. by O.M. Rapov. Moscow: RIO, «Russian Panorama», 2000. Pp. 172–214. (In Russ.).

24. Kabardino-russkie otnosheniya v istoricheskikh materialakh. BLIKI. Vyp. 11 [Kabardino-Russian Relations in Historical Materials. HIGHLIGHTS. Issue 11] / Compiled by R.K. Karmov. – Nalchik: Print Center, 2019. 184 p. (In Russ.).

25. Krest'yanskaya reforma v Kabarde: Dokumenty po istorii osvobozhdeniya zavisimykh soslovii v Kabarde v 1867 g. [Peasant Reform in Kabarda: Documents on the History of the Emancipation of Dependent Estates in Kabarda in 1867] / Compiled by G.A. Kokiyev. Nalchik, 1947. 271 p. (In Russ.).

26. KUZ'MINOV P.A. Yuridicheskoe regulirovanie zemel'nykh otnoshenii v Kabarde i na Severo-Zapadnom Kavkaze [Legal Regulation of Land Relations in Kabarda and the Northwest Caucasus]. In: Antologiya pamyatnikov prava narodov Kavkaza. Rostov-na-Donu, 2013. – Vol. 5. pp. 43–333. (In Russ.).

27. Materialy Komiteta po opredeleniyu lichnykh prav zhitelei Kabardinskogo Okruga (1861–1867 gody). Ser. BLIKI [Materials of the Committee for Defining the Personal Rights of Residents of the Kabardian Okrug (1861–1867). Series: BLIKI] / Compiled by R.K. Karmov. – Nalchik: Print Cen-ter, 2016. Issue 3. 176 p. (In Russ.).

28. Materialy po istorii zapadnykh cherkesov (Arkhivnye dokumenty 1793–1914gg.) [Materials on the History of Western Circassians (Archival Documents 1793–1914)] / Compiled by A.V. Siver. – Nalchik: Publishing Department of KBIHR, 2012. 158 p. (In Russ.).

29. Mezhdu tsentralizmom i regionalizmom: administrativnye preobrazovaniya na Tsentral'nom Kavkaze v 70-kh gg. XIX – nachale XX v.: sbornik dokumentov [Between Centralism and Regional-ism: Administrative Transformations in the Central Caucasus in the 1870s – Early 20th Century: A Collection of Documents] / Compiled, Introduction, and Commentary by E.I. Kobakhidze. Vladi-kavkaz: NOIHSR VSC RAS and RNO-A, 2014. 225 p. (In Russ.).

30. Narody Tsentral'nogo Kavkaza v 40-kh – nachale 60-kh godov XIX veka. Sbornik doku-mental'nykh materialov [Peoples of the Central Caucasus in the 1840s – early 1860s. A collection of documentary materials] / Compiled by P.A. Kuzminov, B.K. Malbakhov. In 2 volumes. Moscow: Pomatur, 2005. – Vol. 1. 368 p.; – Vol. 2. 392 p. (In Russ.).

31. Territoriya i rasselenie kabardintsev i balkartsev v XVIII – nachale XX vekov: sbornik doku-mentov [Territory and Settlement of Kabardians and Balkars in the 18th – early 20th centuries: a collection of documents] / Compiled by H.M. Dumanov. – Nalchik: Nart Publishing House, 1992. 272 p. (In Russ.).

32. Transformatsiya obshchestvenno-politicheskogo ustroistva narodov Tsentral'nogo i Zapadnogo Kavkaza v istochnikakh. 1732–1892 gg. BLIKI [Transformation of the Socio-Political 2017 – Trans-formation of the Socio-Political Structure of the Peoples of the Central and Western Caucasus in Sources. 1732–1892] / Comp. R.K. Karmov. – Nalchik: Print Center, 2017. Issue 6. 195 p. (In Russ.).

33.