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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kbsu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Электронный журнал «Кавказология»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Kavkazologiya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2542-212X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>КБГУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31143/2542-212X-2022-2-182-198</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">DWGQIX</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kbsu-370</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЛОЛОГИЯ. Литература народов Российской Федерации (литература народов Северного Кавказа)</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHILOLOGY. Literature of the peoples of the Russian Federation (literature of the peoples of the North Caucasus)</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исторический опыт народа в эпопее Зейтуна Толгурова «Большая медведица»</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The historical experience of the people in Zeitun Tolgurov’s epic “The big dipper”</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2384-6108</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Атабиева</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Atabieva</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Атабиева Асият Даутовна – кандидат филологических наук, старший научный сотрудник сектора карачаево-балкарской литературы </p><p>Нальчик</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Asiyat D. Atabieva – candidate of science (Philology)</p><p>Nalchik</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bolatovaatabieva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7457-9823</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сарбашева</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sarbasheva</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сарбашева Алена Мустафаевна – доктор филологических наук, доцент, заведующая сектором карачаево-балкарской литературы </p><p>Нальчик</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Аlena M. Sarbasheva – Doctor of Science (Philology), associate professor</p><p>Nalchik</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alenasarb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт гуманитарных исследований – филиал Кабардино-Балкарского научного центра Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">The Institute for the Humanities Research – Affiliated Kabardian-Balkarian Sci-entific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>182</fpage><lpage>198</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Атабиева А.Д., Сарбашева А.М., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Атабиева А.Д., Сарбашева А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Atabieva A.D., Sarbasheva A.M.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.caucasology.ru/jour/article/view/370">https://www.caucasology.ru/jour/article/view/370</self-uri><abstract><p>В поле исследовательского интереса находится эпически масштабное полотно балкарского прозаика З. Толгурова «Большая медведица». По всем структурно-содержательным параметрам (крупный формат, панорамность, объективное отражение и осмысление исторических событий, протяженность повествования во времени и пространстве, наличие батальных сцен, параллельно развивающихся сюжетных линий, сопряженность судеб народа и главных героев произведения) оно классифицируется как роман-эпопея. В качестве определяющей черты выделена народность. Цель исследования заключается в выявлении эпопейных признаков романа и степени отражения в нем исторического опыта народа (процесс насаждения советской идеологии, трагические последствия ломки старого патриархального мира, отрицание прежних морально-этических норм, трудности сосуществования людей в социуме, адаптации человека к стихийно меняющейся реальности). Результатом драматических событий явилось не достижение всеобщего равенства или свободы выбора, а отчужденность и разобщение в этнической среде, взаимная неприязнь по классовому признаку. Действительность периода октябрьской революции рассмотрена Толгуровым в контексте эволюции индивидуального сознания. Изучение концептуальных пластов художественного текста позволило проследить трансформацию характеров, определить духовно-нравственный потенциал каждого образа, уровень осознанности и степень вовлеченности героев в исторический процесс. Авторская оценочная линия способствовала реализации гуманистических концепций и идей. В произведении поэтапно выявляются мировоззренческие установки представителей разных социальных страт, субъективные способы трансляции ментальной составляющей народа (на примере идеологических антиподов Нуха и Казака). Все эти положения подтверждают масштабность отражения писателем специфики эпохи, актуальность и художественно-эстетическую ценность романа.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In this research area, interest is an epic - scale canvas by the Balkarian prose writer Z. Tolgurova “Big Dipper”. According to all structural and content parameters (large format, panoramic view, aim reflection and comprehension of historical events, the length of the narrative in time and space, during battle scenes, parallel developing storylines, the conjugation of the destinies of the people and the main characters of the work) it is classified as an epic novel. Nationality is singled out as a defining feature. The purpose of the study is to identify the epic features of the novel and reflection degree in it of the historical experience of the people (the process of planting Soviet ideology, the tragic consequences of breaking the old patriarchal world, the denial of the former moral and ethical norms, the difficulties of coexistence of people in society, human adaptation to a spontaneously changing reality. The result of the dramatic events was not the achievement of universal equality or freedom of choice, but alienation and disunity in the ethnic environment, mutual hostility based on class. The reality of the period of the October Revolution is considered by Tolgurov in the evolution's context of individual consciousness. The study of the conceptual layers of the literary text made it possible to trace the transformation of the characters, to determine the spiritual and moral potential of each image, to determine the level of awareness and involvement of the characters in the historical process. The author’s evaluation line contributed to the realization of humanistic concepts and ideas. The work gradually reveals the ideological attitudes of representatives of different social strata, subjective ways of translating the mental component of the people (using the example of the ideological antipodes of the Nuh and the Cossack). All these provisions confirm the scale of the writer’s reflection of the specifics of the era, the relevance and artistic and aesthetic value of the novel.ts, the length of the narrative in time and space, the presence of battle scenes, parallel developing storylines, the conjugation of the destinies of the people and the main characters of the work) it is classified as an epic novel. Nationality is singled out as a defining feature. The purpose of the study is to identify the epic features of the novel and the degree of reflection in it of the historical experience of the people (the process of planting Soviet ideology, the tragic consequences of breaking the old patriarchal world, the denial of the former moral and ethical norms, the difficulties of coexistence of people in society, human adaptation to a spontaneously changing reality. The result of the dramatic events was not the achievement of universal equality or freedom of choice, but alienation and disunity in the ethnic environment, mutual hostility based on class. The reality of the period of the October Revolution is considered by Tolgurov in the context of the evolution of individual consciousness. The study of the conceptual layers of the literary text made it possible to trace the transformation of the characters, to determine the spiritual and moral potential of each image, to determine the level of awareness and the degree of involvement of the characters in the historical process. The author's evaluation line contributed to the realization of humanistic concepts and ideas. The work gradually reveals the ideological attitudes of representatives of different social strata, subjective ways of translating the mental component of the people (using the example of the ideological antipodes of the Nuh and the Cossack). All these provisions confirm the scale of the writer's reflection of the specifics of the era, the relevance and artistic and aesthetic value of the novel.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>З. Толгуров</kwd><kwd>роман-эпопея «Большая медведица»</kwd><kwd>исторический опыт</kwd><kwd>народность</kwd><kwd>эволюция характеров</kwd><kwd>психологизм</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Z. Tolgurov</kwd><kwd>the epic novel "The Big Dipper"</kwd><kwd>historical experience</kwd><kwd>nationality</kwd><kwd>evolution of charac-ters</kwd><kwd>psychologism</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Болатланы (Атабийланы) А. 2016 – Болатланы (Атабийланы) А. Малкъар эпикалы прозада суратлау белгини энчилиги (Особенности системы символов в балкарской эпической прозе). 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