<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kbsu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Электронный журнал «Кавказология»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Kavkazologiya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2542-212X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>КБГУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31143/2542-212X-2022-1-79-92</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">MRRBLM</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kbsu-357</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ, ЭТНОЛОГИЯ И АРХЕОЛОГИЯ. Новейшая история</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ARCHAEOLOGY. Contemporary history</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Проблема антисоветских проявлений в Кабардино-Балкарии в период Великой Отечественной войны в отечественной и зарубежной историографии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The issue of anti-Soviet manifestations in Kabardino-Balkaria during the Great Patriotic War in domestic and foreign historiography</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3626-3913</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Татаров</surname><given-names>Азамат Амурович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tatarov</surname><given-names>Azamat A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат исторических наук, доцент кафедры всеобщей истории.</p><p>Нальчик</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Science (History).</p><p>Nalchik</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">traveller9090@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7554-3382</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тамазов</surname><given-names>Муслим Султанович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tamazov</surname><given-names>Muslim S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат исторических наук, директор Социально-гуманитарного института.</p><p>Нальчик</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Science (History).</p><p>Nalchik</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">muslimt@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Кабардино-Балкарский государственный университет им. Х.М. Бербекова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after Kh.M. Berbekov<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>79</fpage><lpage>92</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Татаров А.А., Тамазов М.С., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Татаров А.А., Тамазов М.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tatarov A.A., Tamazov M.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.caucasology.ru/jour/article/view/357">https://www.caucasology.ru/jour/article/view/357</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматривается проблема антисоветских проявлений на Северном Кавказе в период Великой Отечественной войны как сложившийся в академическом пространстве подход для описания политической ситуации в национальных автономиях. Обосновывается, что на этническую окраску в тезисах о «массовом предательстве» оказывают влияние ранние источники и факты – документы военного времени и сведения из них. Подчеркивается сложность перехода исследовательского дискурса от категорий «массовые антисоветские действия», «поддержка немцев со стороны сел, районов или народов» и вычисления «неприемлемого» уровня этнического коллаборационизма и бандитизма к концептуализации проблемы антисоветского подполья через попытки квалификации состава политических преступлений. На примере Кабардино-Балкарии авторы обращаются к анализу проблемы реакции и решений государства в контексте политического положения в национальных автономиях. Подчеркивается, что важно учитывать не только теоретические аспекты, но и практические результаты политики Германии, направленной на развязывание антисоветской борьбы на Северном Кавказе. Основной вывод исследования заключается в том, что в условиях постсоветского методологического плюрализма и возрождающейся героической концепции актуализируется роль исследований, не столько избегающих «неудобных тем», сколько обосновывающих научную несостоятельность тезисов о массовом антисоветском фронте в национальных автономиях Северного Кавказа.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper considers the issue of anti-Soviet manifestations in the North Caucasus during the Great Patriotic War as a vector for assessing the political situation in national autonomies developed in the academic space to describe the political situation in national autonomies. It is argued that ethnic coloring in “mass betrayal” theses is influenced by primary sources and facts – wartime documents and their data. The authors emphasize complexity of the research discourse transition from the categories of “mass anti-Soviet actions” and “support for the Germans from villages, regions or peoples”, and calculation of the “unacceptable” level of ethnic collaborationism and banditry to the conceptualization of the anti-Soviet underground issue through attempts to qualify the composition of political crimes. The paper turns to the analysis of state’s reaction and decisions in the context of the political situation in national autonomies. Taking into account not only theoretical aspects, but also the practical results of Germany's policy aimed at unleashing the anti-Soviet struggle in the North Caucasus proves valuable. The main conclusion of the study is that against the backdrop of post-Soviet methodological pluralism and the revival of heroic concept, it is relevant not so much to avoid inconvenient issues as to substantiate the scientific inconsistency of the “mass betrayal” theses addressed to the North Caucasus national autonomies.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Северный Кавказ</kwd><kwd>Кабардино-Балкария</kwd><kwd>историография</kwd><kwd>горские народы</kwd><kwd>бандитизм</kwd><kwd>коллаборационизм</kwd><kwd>политизация научных проблем</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>North Caucasus</kwd><kwd>Kabardino-Balkaria</kwd><kwd>historiography</kwd><kwd>mountain peoples</kwd><kwd>banditry</kwd><kwd>collaborationism</kwd><kwd>politicization of scientific issues</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абрамян 2006 – Абрамян Э. Кавказцы в Абвере. – М.: Быстров, 2006. – 352 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">ABRAMYAN E. Kavkaztsy v Abvere [Caucasians in the Abwehr]. – Moscow: Bystrov, 2006. – 352 p. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Авторханов 1952 – Авторханов А.Народоубийство в СССР. – Мюнхен: Свободный Кавказ, 1952. – 71 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">AVTORKHANOV A. Narodoubiistvo v SSSR [Murder of the peoples in the USSR]. – Munich: Svobodnyi Kavkaz, 1952. – 71 p. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Азаматов и др. 1994 – Азаматов К.Г., Темиржанов М.О., Темукуев Б.Б., Тетуев А.И., Чеченов И.М. Черекская трагедия. – Нальчик: Эльбрус, 1994. – 200 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">AZAMATOV K.G., TEMIRZHANOV M.O., TEMUKUEV B.B., TETUEV A.I., CHECHENOV I.M. Cherekskaya tragediya [Cherek tragedy]. – Nalchik: El'brus, 1994. – 200 p. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Безугольный, Бугай, Кринко 2012 – Безугольный А.Ю., Бугай Н.Ф., Кринко Е.Ф. Горцы Северного Кавказа в Великой Отечественной войне 1941-1945 гг.: проблемы истории, историографии и источниковедения. – М.: Центрполиграф, 2012. – 479 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">BEZUGOL'NYI A.YU., BUGAI N.F., KRINKO E.F. Gortsy Severnogo Kavkaza v Velikoi Otechestvennoi voine 1941–1945 gg.: problem istorii, istoriografii i istochnikovedeniya [Mountain peoples of the North Caucasus in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945]. – Moscow: Tsentrpoligraf, 2012. – 479 p. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Великая Отечественная война 1941-1945 годов … 2013 – Великая Отечественная война 1941-1945 годов. В 12 т. Т. 6. Тайная война. Разведка и контрразведка в годы Великой Отечественной войны. – М.: Кучково поле, 2013. – 864 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Velikaya Otechestvennaya voina 1941–1945 godov. V 12 t. T. 6. Tainaya voina. Razvedka i kontrrazvedka v gody Velikoi Otechestvennoi voiny [The Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. In 12 vols. Vol. 6. Secret war. Intelligence and counterintelligence during the Great Patriotic War]. – Moscow: Kuchkovo pole, 2013. – 864 p. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жупикова 2007 – Жупикова Е.Ф. Повстанческое движение на Северном Кавказе в 1920–1925 годах // Академия исторических наук. Сборниктрудов. – 2007. – Т. 1. – С. 114–319.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">ZHUPIKOVA E.F. Povstancheskoe dvizhenie na Severnom Kavkaze v 1920–1925 godakh [Insurgency in the North Caucasus in 1920-1925]. IN: Akademiya istoricheskikh nauk. Sbornik trudov. – 2007. – Vol. 1. – P. 114–319. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Линец 2009 – Линец С.И. Северный Кавказ накануне и в период немецко-фашистской оккупации: состояние и особенности развития (июль 1942 – октябрь 1943 гг.). – Пятигорск: ПГЛУ, 2009. – 492 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">LINETS S.I. Severnyi Kavkaz nakanune i v period nemetsko-fashistskoi okkupatsii: sostoyanie i osobennosti razvitiya (iyul' 1942 – oktyabr' 1943 gg.) [North Caucasus on the Eve and During the Nazi Occupation: State and Features of Development (July 1942 – October 1943)]. – Pyatigorsk: PGLU, 2009. – 492 p. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мадер 1985 – Мадер Ю. Империализм: шпионаж в Европе вчера и сегодня. – М.: Политиздат, 1985. – 304 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">MADER YU. Imperializm: shpionazh v Evrope vchera i segodnya [Imperialism: espionage in Europe yesterday and today]. – Moscow: Politizdat, 1985. – 304 p. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мякшев 2012 – Мякшев А.П. Коллаборационизм на Северном Кавказе: историческая правда или исторический миф? // Известия Саратовского университета. Новая серия. Серия История. Международные отношения. – 2012. – № 4. – С. 114-117.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">MYAKSHEV A.P. Kollaboratsionizm na Severnom Kavkaze: istoricheskaya pravda ili istoricheskii mif? [Collaborationism in the North Caucasus: historical truth or historical myth?]. IN: Izvestiya Saratovskogo universiteta. Novaya seriya. SeriyaIstoriya. Mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya. – 2012. – No. 4. – P. 114–117. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Некрич 1978 – Некрич А. Наказанные народы. – Нью-Йорк: Хроника, 1978. – 170 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">NEKRICH A. Nakazannye narody [Punished peoples]. – New York: Khronika, 1978. – 170 p. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">НКВД-МВД СССР … 2008 – НКВД-МВД СССР в борьбе с бандитизмом и вооруженным националистическим подпольем на Западной Украине, в Западной Белоруссии и Прибалтике (1939–1956). Сборник документов / Сост. Н.И. Владимирцев, А.И. Кокурин. – М.: Объединенная редакция МВД России, 2008. – 640 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">NKVD-MVD SSSR v bor'be s banditizmom i vooruzhennym natsionalisticheskim podpol'em na Zapadnoi Ukraine, v Zapadnoi Belorussi i iPribaltike (1939-1956). Sbornik dokumentov [NKVD-MVD of the USSR in the fight against banditry and armed nationalist underground in Western Ukraine, Western Belarus and the Baltic States (1939-1956). Collection of documents] / Ed. by N.I. Vladimirtsev, A.I. Kokurin. – Moscow: Ob"edinennaya redaktsiya MVD Rossii, 2008. – 640 p. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Органы государственной безопасности СССР … 2003 – Органы государственной безопасности СССР в Великой Отечественной войне. Сборник документов: в 5-ти томах / Сост. В.П. Ямпольский и др. – Т. 3. Кн. 2. – М.: Русь, 2003. – 701 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Organy gosudarstvennoi bezopasnosti SSSR v Velikoi Otechestvennoi voine. Sbornik dokumentov: v 5-ti tomakh [State Security Bodies of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War. Collection of documents: in 5 volumes] / Ed. by. V.P. Yampol'skii et al. – Vol. 3. Book 2. – Moscow: Rus', 2003. – 701 p. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Под немцами … 2011 – Под немцами. Воспоминания, свидетельства, документы. Историко-документальный сборник / Сост. К.М. Алексанров. – СПб.: Скрипториум, 2011. – 608 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pod nemtsami. Vospominaniya, svidetel'stva, dokumenty. Istoriko-dokumental'nyi sbornik [Under the Germans. Memoirs, testimonies, documents. Historical and documentary collection] / Ed. by K.M. Aleksanrov. – Saint Petersburg: Skriptorium, 2011. – 608 p. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пыхалов 2008 – Пыхалов И.В. За что Сталин выселял народы? Сталинские депортации – преступный произвол или справедливое возмездие? – М.: Яуза-пресс, 2008. – 480 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">PYKHALOV I.V. Za chto Stalin vyselyal narody? Stalinskie deportatsii – prestupnyi proizvol ili spravedlivoe vozmezdie? [Why Stalin evicted peoples? Stalin's deportations − criminal arbitrariness or just retribution?]. – Moscow: Yauza-press, 2008. – 480 p. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">РГАСПИ – Российский государственный архив социально-политической истории.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rossiiskii gosudarstvennyi arkhiv sotsial'no-politicheskoi istorii [Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History]. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сабанчиев 2008 – Сабанчиев Х.-М.А. Балкарцы: выселение и возвращение. – Нальчик: Эльбрус, 2008. – 440 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">SABANCHIEV KH.-M.A. Balkartsy: vyselenie i vozvrashchenie [Balkars: eviction and return]. – Nalchik: El'brus, 2008. – 440 p. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Савенко 2008 – Савенко Г.П.Политический бандитизм на Северном Кавказе в 1920-1940-е годы как предтеча современного терроризма в регионе // Труды юридического факультета Ставропольского государственного университета. – 2008. – Вып. 17. – С. 14–19.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">SAVENKO G.P. Politicheskii banditizm na Severnom Kavkaze v 1920–1940-e gody kak predtecha sovremennogo terrorizma v regione [Political banditry in the North Caucasus in the 1920s–1940s as a forerunner of modern terrorism in the region]. IN: Trudy yuridicheskogo fakul'teta Stavropol'skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. – 2008. – Iss. 17. – P. 14–19. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сидоренко 2020 – Сидоренко В.П. Стояли насмерть. Служебно-боевая деятельность войск НКВД СССР в особых оборонительных районах Северного Кавказа // Военно-исторический журнал. – 2020. – № 2. – С. 28–38.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">SIDORENKO V.P. Stoyali na smert'. Sluzhebno-boevaya deyatel'nost' voisk NKVD SSSR v osobykh oboronitel'nykh raionakh Severnogo Kavkaza [They stood to death. Service and combat activity of the troops of the NKVD of the USSR in the special defensive regions of the North Caucasus]. IN: Voenno-istoricheskii zhurnal. – 2020. – No. 2. – P. 28–38. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Соколов 2002 – Соколов Б.В. Оккупация. Правда и мифы. – М.: АСТ– ПРЕСС КНИГА, 2002. – 352 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">SOKOLOV B.V. Okkupatsiya. Pravda imify [An occupation. Truth and myths]. – Moscow: AST–PRESS KNIGA, 2002. – 352 p. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тетуев 2015 – Тетуев А.И. Отечественная историография об участии народов Кабардино-Балкарии в Великой Отечественной войне 1941-1945 гг. // Вестник Калмыцкого института гуманитарных исследований РАН. – 2015. – № 4. – С. 54-61.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">TETUEV A.I. Otechestvennaya istoriografiya ob uchastii narodov Kabardino-Balkarii v Velikoi Otechestvennoi voine 1941-1945 gg. [Home historiography on the participation of the peoples of Kabardino-Balkaria in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945]. IN: Vestnik Kalmytskogo instituta gumanitarnykh issledovanii RAN. – 2015. – No. 4. – P. 54–61. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">УЦДНИ АС КБР – Управление Центра документации новейшего времени Архивной службы Кабардино-Балкарской Республики.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Upravlenie Tsentra dokumentatsii noveishego vremeni Arkhivnoi sluzhby Kabardino-Balkarskoi respubliki [Office of the Documentation Center of the Modern history of the Archival Service of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic]. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ЦАМО – Центральный архив Министерства обороны.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsentral'nyi arkhiv Ministerstva oborony [Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense]. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ЦК ВКП (б) и национальный вопрос … 2009 – ЦК ВКП (б) и национальный вопрос. Сборник документов. Кн. 2. 1933-1945 / Сост. Л.С. Гатагова, Л.П. Кошелева, Л.А. Роговая. – М.: РОССПЭН, 2009. – 1094 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">TsK VKP (b) inatsional'nyi vopros. Sbornik dokumentov. Kn. 2. 1933-1945 [Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks and the National Question. Collection of documents. Book. 2. 1933-1945] / Ed. by L.S. Gatagova, L.P. Kosheleva, L.A. Rogovaya. – Moscow: ROSSPEN, 2009. – 1094 p. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чекисты Кабардино-Балкарии … 1987 – Чекисты Кабардино-Балкарии / Гл. ред. А.Ж. Губашиев. – Нальчик: Эльбрус, 1987. – 228 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chekisty Kabardino-Balkarii [Chekists of Kabardino-Balkaria] / Ed. by A.Zh. Gubashiev. – Nalchik: El'brus, 1987. – 228 p. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шабаев 1994 – Шабаев Д.В. Правда о выселении балкарцев. – Нальчик: Эльбрус, 1994. – 288 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">SHABAEV D.V. Pravda o vyselenii balkartsev [The truth about the eviction of the Balkars]. – Nalchik: El'brus, 1994. – 288 p. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burds 2007 – Burds J. The Soviet War against “Fifth Columnists”: The Case of Chechnya, 1942-4 // Journal of Contemporary History. – 2007. – Vol. 42. – No 2. – P. 267–314.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">BURDS J. The Soviet War against “Fifth Columnists”: The Case of Chechnya, 1942-4. IN: Journal of Contemporary History. – 2007. – Vol. 42. – No. 2. – P. 267–314. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Derluguian 2004 – Derluguian G. Bourdieu’s Secret Admirer in the Caucasus. – Chicago: R.R. Donnelley &amp; Sons, 2004. – 406 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">DERLUGUIAN G. Bourdieu’s Secret Admirer in the Caucasus. – Chicago: R.R. Donnelley &amp; Sons, 2004. – 406 p. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heilbrunn 1963 – Heilbrunn O. Warfare in the Enemy's Rear. – London: Allen &amp; Unwin, 1963. – 231 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">HEILBRUNN O. Warfare in the Enemy's Rear. – London: Allen &amp; Unwin, 1963. – 231 p. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Higgins 2014 – Higgins D.R. Behind Soviet Lines. Hitler's Brandenburgers Capture the Maikop Oilfields, 1942. – Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 2014. – 90 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">HIGGINS D.R. Behind Soviet Lines. Hitler's Brandenburgers capture the Maikop Oilfields, 1942. – Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 2014. – 90 p. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hoffmann 1986 – Hoffmann J. Deutsche und Kalmyken 1942 bis 1945. – Freiburg: Rombach Verlag, 1986. – 214 S.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">HOFFMANN J. Deutsche und Kalmyken 1942 bis 1945. – Freiburg: Rombach Verlag, 1986. – 214 S. (In German).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Martin 2001 – Martin T. The Affirmative Action Empire: Nations and Nationalism in the Soviet Union, 1923-1939. – Ithaca &amp; London: Cornell University Press, 2001. − 496 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">MARTIN T. The Affirmative Action Empire: Nations and Nationalism in the Soviet Union, 1923-1939. – Ithaca &amp; London: Cornell University Press, 2001. − 496 p. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Reitlinger 1960 – Reitlinger G. House Built on Sand: The Conflicts of Germany Policy in Russia, 1939–1945. – New York: Viking Press, 1960. – 459 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">REITLINGER G. House Built on Sand: The Conflicts of Germany Policy in Russia, 1939–1945. – New York: Viking Press, 1960. – 459 p. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Trial of the Major War Criminals … Vol. 26 1947 – Trial of the Major War Criminals before the International Military Tribunal. 14 November 1945 – 1 October 1946: in 42 Volumes. – Nuremberg, 1947. – Vol. 26. – 705 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trial of the Major War Criminals before the International Military Tribunal. 14 November 1945 – 1 October 1946: in 42 Volumes. – Nuremberg, 1947. – Vol. 26. – 705 p. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Trial of the Major War Criminals … Vol. 29 1947 – Trial of the Major War Criminals before the International Military Tribunal. 14 November 1945 – 1 October 1946: in 42 Volumes. – Nuremberg, 1947. – Vol. 29. – 581 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trial of the Major War Criminals before the International Military Tribunal. 14 November 1945 – 1 October 1946: in 42 Volumes. – Nuremberg, 1947. – Vol. 29. – 581 p. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
